Artificial Intelligence and Legal Responsibility

There are two broad quest ions to be asked. F i r s t , t o what ex ten t ( i f any) can the making of — and the r e s p o n s i b i l i t y f o r — a g iven judgement or d e c i s i o n , or mis take,he a t t r i b u t e d to a_ computer-program? And second, supposing t h a t r e s p o n s i b i l i t y cannot be a t t r i b u t e d to a program, w i t h whom does it l i e ? Who is l e g a l l y respons ib le f o r what a program does? I t s user (person o r i n s t i t u t i o n , p r o f e s s i o n a l o r c l i e n t ) , i t s programmers ( a l i v e or dead) , the domain-experts who p rov ided the knowledge-base . . . who?